Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Literary Analysis Of The Boy Died In My Alley - 1008 Words
What Makes a Powerful Poem/Song? Poems and songs may have strength in literary terms, but have you ever wondered what makes them powerful? In this essay, there will be analyzed two poems ââ¬Å"The Boy Died in my Alleyâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Daddyâ⬠, as well as the song ââ¬Å"Fireworkâ⬠in which theme, metaphor, and repetition are the literary devices that make them powerful. To begin with, in the poem The Boy Died in my Alley by Gwendolyn Brooks the literary device that gives power to it is the theme. Being the theme of this poem the death because of the human social behavior and citizen irresponsibility, the readers may be interested in this because this issue may affect someone at any time in any place. The ignorance of people to the problem that happens aroundâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In the poem Daddy by Sylvia Plath, the imagery is the literary device that makes it powerful. Imagery refers to literary devices in which the readers must add something for fully understanding of their meaning (Pike and Acosta 233). Although there are many forms in which writers can apply imagery as the literary device, the most used in Daddy is metaphors. An example of this is in lines two to five in the first stanzas: ââ¬Å"any more, black shoe / in which I have lived like a foot / for thirty years, poor and white, / barely daring to breathe or Achooâ⬠. She transfers her fatherââ¬â¢s qualities to a shoe. The metaphor is used here to catch the attention of readers making an interpretation of how her father was, leading to readers to associate her father with fear, evil, and mystery comparing him with black color. At the same time, it reflects power and elegance. The metaphor is a tool to show us how trapped she feels by the memories of her father too. There is a metaphor in lines 64 and 65 ââ¬Å"I made a model of you, / a man in black with a Meinkampf lookâ⬠. The writer means that she has a picture of him in her mind, she did not make a real sculpture. In addition, she repeats the word black and transfers the qualities of a Nazi, perhaps of Adolf Hitler who was a writer of the book titled Meinkampf, to her father. Another metaphor in Daddy is found in the lines 69 and 70 ââ¬Å"The black telephoneââ¬â¢s off at the root, / the voices just canââ¬â¢t worm through.â⬠SheShow MoreRelatedBook Report on the Outsiders3269 Words à |à 14 PagesMajor Characters Ponyboy Curtis - The novels fourteen-year-old narrator and protagonist, and the youngest of the greasers. Ponyboys literary interests and academic accomplishments set him apart from the rest of his gang. Because his parents have died in a car accident, Ponyboy lives with his brothers Darry and Sodapop. Darry repeatedly accuses Ponyboy of lacking common sense, but Ponyboy is a reliable and observant narrator. Throughout the novel, Ponyboy struggles with class division, violenceRead MoreBinary Opposition of Life of Pi5401 Words à |à 22 Pages æ Žè⹠± 2012010285 Abstract: Ever since its publication in 2002, Life of Pi has gained great popularity and high critical acclaim from critical circle. It arose the study of Li of Pi from various angels. But most kinds of analysis about the novel are focus on existing doubts about the story, and the religious symbols in the novels. The binary opposition narrative in the novel discussed rarely. The novel is full of the binary oppositions narrative, these made the story distinctiveRead MoreAsk the Dust by John Fante13686 Words à |à 55 Pagesvisit: http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-ask-the-dust/ Copyright Information à ©2000-2012 BookRags, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, CompareRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics
Friday, May 15, 2020
The And Of The Bible - 764 Words
Acts is such an important book in the Bible because it involves so many phases that lead to followers for Jesus the Messiah. As it begins, we learn about the day of the Pentecost. This day is what started the conversations and the teaching to a growing crowd by Peter and the apostles. Once the teaching started the crowds began believing. The confessing took place which led to the repenting and later the baptizing of 3,000 people. It is said that this is when Christianity began to transform into a religion that was embraced by Jews and non-Jews. This simple pattern is what took place throughout Acts and lead to the knowledge and distribution of the belief in Messiah. Conversations started with many believers, such as Philip, Stephen and Saul. However the important message to receive from the context is that not all of Jesusââ¬â¢ followers simply followed him. Saul for instance once was against the belief in Jesus. He had gained the reputation for persecuting Christians who followed Jesus until one day Jesus reached out to Saul. After that Saul began participating in prayer and later became Jesusââ¬â¢s tool in to carry on his name for the non-Jewish world. Saul eventually changed his name to Paul and became one of the most influential men in Christianity, aside from Jesus himself. From these stories we have learned that the first step in becoming a Christian is merely talking about it. Once you have people talking about the Messiah and all of the wonderful things he did, peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Bible Vs. Bible874 Words à |à 4 Pagesthis book of the Bible before? I never fully read the Bible, because ââ¬Å"theyâ⬠picked out what ââ¬Å"theyâ⬠wanted to be taught. They give us passages to remember such as, ââ¬Å"I will lead the blind by ways they have not known, along unfamiliar paths I will guide them; I will turn the darkness into light before them and make the rough places smooth.â⬠(Isaiah 42:16), but never, ââ¬Å"Do not wear clothing woven of two kinds of material.â⬠(Leviticus 19:19). I never truly sat down, and read the Bible. Even, when I wasRead MoreThe Bible And The Hebrew Bible783 Words à |à 4 Pagesa conclusion must be made that one can not put ancient literature into a neat and tidy ââ¬Å"this is what the Bible is saying so it must be trueâ⬠box. There are many parts of the Hebrew Bible that are strange to read. If many were lived out today, it would ostracize people, and to be blunt, land someone in prison. However, all of these passages are included in this great book, the Hebrew Bible, for a reason. They were important to the Jewish culture whom they were written for. Why were they importantRead MoreThe Bible And The Holy Bible766 Words à |à 4 PagesMany evangelical Christians believe that there is no error in the Holy Scriptures. Since the Bible was written many years ago, we must reconcile our understanding of passages that seem to make contradictory statements. The Holy Scriptures as a whole is the Word of God. The doctrine of inerrancy of Scripture states that there are no errors in the bible. Two passages in 1 John, however, make seemly contradictory statements. But the author wrote under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit. The meaningRead MoreBible : The Gutenberg Bible1011 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Gutenberg Bible, also known as the Mazarin Bible and the 42-Line Bible. It is often considered one of the first notable books to have been printed because unlike early books, this book was printed with movable type. Invented by Johann Gutenberg, his invention changed the course of technology and the way people gained knowledge forever. The earliest form of printing known is the application of signet stones. This was used in ancient times in Babylonia. Before The Gutenberg Bible, books were traditionallyà renderedRead MoreThe Bible Vs. Bible1597 Words à |à 7 PagesIn our society today, we can see many bible verses being talked about, being referred to, being preached about, but what in reality does that all mean? Many of us use and interpret different verses in the bible to give someone else a bit of hope and love, a bit of knowledge about Jesus Christ or even to give ourself a boost of confidence and hope in our own personal life. For example, when I personally am ââ¬Å"downâ⬠or I feel overwhelmed with certain situations in life going on and I talk to my motherRead MoreThe Bible And The Holy Bible Essay1730 Words à |à 7 PagesFrom its first pages, the Holy Bible indicates that the most terrible events in the annals of space occur due to the human actions. From the theological point of view, the man i s designated with such importance due to the fact of being the reason of war between God and Lucifer. Unfortunately, after the Fall of man, the evil was allowed into the world, and thus the world got secluded from God. God can speak to people, is able to remind them of His existence, but the whole tragedy of the pre-ChristianRead MoreBiblical Bible And The Bible1222 Words à |à 5 Pagesthroughly studies the Words of God found in the Bible, one would find that there are many topics and doctrines contained within. One of the major doctrines or teachings found in Scripture is prophecy. Around 28 percent of the Bible is classified as prophecy. The men who wrote these prophecies did not write based off what they thought would happen. Neither did they write them after the events that were predicted took place as some critics of the Bible would claim. These men were inspired by an omnipotentRead MoreThe Bible By The Poisonwood Bible981 Words à |à 4 Pagesmovie producers have led peopl e on to believe, that missionaries are self-serving and as having specific intentions. One of the prime examples of misrepresenting a missionary; is the book called The Poisonwood Bible. I had to read The Poisonwood Bible in an English class. The Poisonwood Bible is the story of a missionary named Nathan Price and his family. Nathan was Reverend and he was mean to his wife and children. Nathan and his family lived in the Congo. He was disrespectful to his wife and hisRead MoreThe Bible And The Holy Bible2735 Words à |à 11 PagesMesser says that for Christians, the Holy Bible is the rich mixture of writings of various kinds, written over many centuries in many different settings collected together in the Hebrew Bible, and the New Testament; and by calling this collection of writing ââ¬Å"Scriptureâ⬠we are marking it off from other writings that come from the same places and times and claiming that is has some kind of special status and authority within the community of Christian faith. (Messer p5) One way for Christians toRead MoreThe Bible And The Interpretation Of The Bible910 Words à |à 4 PagesAlthough the interpretation of the Bible is the particular task of the exegetes, it does not belong, however, as a monopoly, since it involves, in the Church, aspects that go beyond the scientific analysis of the texts. The Church, in effect, does not consider the Bible simply as a set of historical documents concerning its origins. She welcomes it as the Word of God that directs her and the whole world, in the present time. This conviction of faith has as a consequence the practice of updating
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
A Critical Analysis of Revelation by Flannery OConnor
- Well written-Good points A Critical Analysis of Revelation by Flannery OConnor Flannery OConnors background influenced her to write the short story Revelation. One important influence on the story is her Southern upbringing. During her lifetime, Southerners were very prejudiced towards people of other races and lifestyles. They believed that people who were less fortunate were inferior to them; therefore, people were labeled as different things and placed into different social classes. The South provided OConnor with the images she needed for her characters. Similarly, this can easily be identified in her short story Revelation. The characters in the story are identified by physical characteristics and some are evenâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Turpin all her life. Another element of plot which reinforces the theme of Revelation, is the element of surprise which actually brings the main conflict out in the open. OConnor brings the conflict out well because the incidents that built up to the actual conflict do not give away what is going to happen. The action around the conflict is completely surprising and unpredictable. We are aware the girl dislikes Mrs. Turpin because of her previous actions. The girl never does anything other than give dirty looks; therefore, we are not expecting any type of physical violence between them. When the girl hits Mrs. Turpin in the face with the book, Mrs. Turpin is conversing with another character and is not talking to the girl. In this situation, a violent act by the girl is completely unpredictable. Also, OConnor uses an unhappy ending for this story. Mrs. Turpin, who is happy being who she is, does not understand why the girl hated her. She does not think she is a bad person, and she cannot comprehend why she is not liked. OConnor ends the story with Mrs. Turpins questions unanswered which leaves her with a sadness that is unsolvable. Through the use of social conflict, the element of surprise, and an unhappy ending, a believable plot is created. To further develop the theme, OConnor uses consistent behavior, clear motivation, and plausibility to create convincing characterization. The protagonist,Show MoreRelatedA Critical Analysis of Revelation by Flannery OConnor Essay1793 Words à |à 8 PagesA Critical Analysis of Revelation by Flannery OConnor Flannery OConnors background influenced her to write the short story Revelation. One important influence on the story is her Southern upbringing. During her lifetime, Southerners were very prejudiced towards people of other races and lifestyles. They believed that people who were less fortunate were inferior to them; therefore, people were labeled as different things and placed into different social classes. The South provided OConnorRead More Flannery OConnor: A Twentieth Century Fiction Writer Essay829 Words à |à 4 Pages There has been a significant amount critical analysis written about Flannery OConnors short stories and novels. There is a significant amount critical analysis about Flannery OConnor because she used so many styles that have not been used before. Flannery OConnor ranks among he most important American fiction writers of the twentieth century. Flannery OConnor was born in 1925 in Savannah, Georgia, and lived there until her family moved in 1938. OConnor and her family moved to a small GeorgiaRead MoreEssay about Oââ¬â¢Connorââ¬â¢s Works: An In-Depth Analysis2157 Words à |à 9 Pageswritings. Flannery OConnor is regarded one of the major brief tale authors in United States literary performs. Among the thing that makes her work stand out to date is the boldness in her writing in style which she made no effort to hide her affiliation to the Roman Catholic faith and spared no wrath when addressing burning social issues say ethics and morality. So Oââ¬â¢Connorââ¬â¢s real life experiences and beliefs are clearly apparent in many of her works. The prevalent feature of OConnor critique isRead More Flannery OConnors Short Fiction Essay examples3159 Words à |à 13 PagesFlannery OConnors Greenleaf, Everything that Rises Must Converge, and A Good Man is Hard to Find Introduction To the uninitiated, the writing of Flannery OConnor can seem at once cold and dispassionate, as well as almost absurdly stark and violent. Her short stories routinely end in horrendous, freak fatalities or, at the very least, a characters emotional devastation. Working his way through Greenleaf, Everything that Rises Must Converge, or A Good Man is Hard to Find, theRead MoreCritical Analysis on A Good Man Is Hard to Find2403 Words à |à 10 Pagesbe analyzed from the critical theories of Aristotle and Longinus. Tolstoy will be used to examine the use Christian symbolism. Nietzsche will provide a more well-rounded universal conclusion to the uses of tragedy and spiritual elements in this classic story. Flannery OConnor gave a talk about A Good Man Is Hard to Find in 1963 at Hollins College, Virginia, which was published as the essay, The Element of Suspense In ÃâA Good Man Is Hard to Find. In this essay, OConnor defined the reasons forRead More Critical analysis on A good man is hard to find Essay2334 Words à |à 10 Pagesbe analyzed from the critical theories of Aristotle and Longinus. Tolstoy will be used to examine the use Christian symbolism. Nietzsche will provide a more well-rounded universal conclusion to the uses of tragedy and spiritual elements in this classic story. Flannery Oââ¬â¢Connor gave a talk about ââ¬Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Findâ⬠in 1963 at Hollins College, Virginia, which was published as the essay, ââ¬Å"The Element of Suspense In ââ¬ËA Good Man Is Hard to Find.ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ In this essay, Oââ¬â¢Connor defined the reasons forRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words à |à 116 Pagesï » ¿TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS The purpose of Text Interpretation and Analysis is a literary and linguistic commentary in which the reader explains what the text reveals under close examination. Any literary work is unique. It is created by the author in accordance with his vision and is permeated with his idea of the world. The readerââ¬â¢s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. Thatââ¬â¢s why one cannot lay down a fixed ââ¬Å"modelââ¬
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Essential Mobile Interaction Design
Question: Describe about the Essential Mobile Interaction Design? Answer: Overview The project is focused on developing highly usable tablet interfaces for the Museum Guided Exhibition. As a part of the museum exhibition using multimedia formats and use of a tablet as a guide to a visitor, the museum authority is interested in developing a collection of tablet interfaces, that will give information about each item of the museum, will guide an visitor through the exhibition either by some predetermined path or some personalized path, let the user search for an item, will provide information about the space and arrangement details of the exhibition etc. The designs of the tablet interface should be usable enough by users from all age group, users who use languages other than English. Vision The project will help in delivering a tablet based guidance to the visitors. Visitors will not need any guide with them and can visit an exhibition as per their convenience and pace. They will be able to learn about the exhibition, the history of the items etc. as much as they want. There will be no need for human translator. The tablet will help in translating the information to a visitor as per the selection of language by the visitor. (Banga Weinhold, 2014) Scope The project is aimed to deliver better user experience to the visitors to an exhibition. The visitors will be able to enjoy an exhibition in a more personalized way. Thus, there are chances that the museum will get more visitors and that will in turn help them in generating more revenue. (Tidwell, 2010) Outcomes The outcomes of the project will be a set of tablet interface design for the museum exhibition. The interfaces will be designed by considering all requirements. Key assumptions The key assumptions of the project are that the users are familiar with handling a tablet. There may be come physically challenged users like blind people. They are not considered as the user of the tablet interface. Objectives, Outputs and Targets The objective of the project is to deliver a better and richer user experience to the visitors of any exhibition, providing them as much information as possible using different multimedia formats. The users will be guided by the tablet for all purposes including visiting an exhibition, finding some item in the exhibition, finding amenities available in the place of exhibition etc. (Wood, 2014) The target users are users from all ages who are supposed to visit an exhibition. The use of tablets and personalized interfaces may make people more interested in the exhibitions and in that case, the exhibitions will get more visitors. The foreign visitors with different native languages are also targeted visitors of this project. It will help them in understanding every information in their own language and they dont need to depend on human translators and their availability. (Galitz, 2009) Success Criteria The success criteria of the project may include the following, (Galitz, 2009)(Banga Weinhold, 2014). The designs of interfaces have meet all requirements. The interfaces are usable and accessible. There is enough support for English and other languages. The search facility is quicker and accurate. References Allen, J., Chudley, J. (2012). Smashing UX Design. John Wiley Sons. Banga, C., Weinhold, J. (2014). Essential Mobile Interaction Design. Addison-Wesley Professional. Galitz. (2009). The Essential Guide To User Interface Design. John Wiley Sons. Roebuck, K. (2012). Tablet Computer: High-impact Emerging Technology - What You Need to Know: Definitions, Adoptions, Impact, Benefits, Maturity, Vendors . Emereo Publishing. Tidwell, J. (2010). Designing Interfaces. O'Reilly Media, Inc. Wood, D. (2014). Basics Interactive Design: Interface Design. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Sunday, April 12, 2020
The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers Essay Example
The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers Paper The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers Treasury Bond Scandal- 1991 Executive Summary Salomon Brothers was at one time, the largest bulge bracket firm on Wall Street. Although it offered a number of financial services, it had established its name through the legacy of bond trading. Its bond trading department boasted of iconic traders of 1980ââ¬â¢s era- John Meriwether and Myron Sholes. Salomon Brothers can be considered as the founder father of mortgaged back securities trading on the Wall Street, an area in which it was a near monopolist for a long time with not much competition from other firms. In 1981, Salomon Brothers which operated as partnership was taken over by Phibro Corporation and became known as Phibro-Salomon. With a lot of ups and downs in its fortune during the late 1980ââ¬â¢s and early 1990ââ¬â¢s, finally in 1997, it merged with Citigroup and became their Investment Banking arm called Salomon Smith Barney. Finally the existence of the name of ââ¬Å"Salomonâ⬠ceased when Citigroup decided to drop the name in 2003 and branded its investment bank and underwriters as Citigroup Global Markets. We chose to work on the topic ââ¬Å"The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothersâ⬠as this topic offers an insight into the development of a particular securities market- the Mortgaged backed securities, the dominance of the market player, the culture of the firm and finally the scandal which served as the turning point of fortunes of ââ¬Ëonce the market leaderââ¬â¢ or metaphorically- the final nail in the coffin. Background Salomon Brothers was founded in New York City in 1910 when three brothers-Arthur, Herbert, and Percy Salomon broke away from their father Ferdinands money-brokerage operation and went into business for themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Salomon Brothers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The company was primarily a bond trading firm. The private company entered equities in the mid-1960s and between 1962 and 1964, Salomon more than tripled its underwriting business, from $276 million to $873 million. They entered investment banking in the early 1970s and established themselves with Pepsi-ICI merger among others. Since till 1981, the firm operated as a partnership, it had a close-knit culture and partners put the firmââ¬â¢s interest before their own. There were no issues over compensation or credit for work and slowly but surely Salomon was climbing the ladder of being a bulge bracket firm of Wall Street. As Salomon partner Abraham Eller once explained, ââ¬Å". . . what helped make Salomon Brothers was not only the partners, but that the men they hired were hungry. â⬠¦ We werenââ¬â¢t the sons of rich men. â⬠However, in 1981, it was taken over by the Phibro Corporation and became a corporation with the name Phibro-Salomon Inc. until 1986, when Salomon gained control and changed the name of the parent company to Salomon Inc. In 1980ââ¬â¢s under the leadership of John Gutfreund, Salomon participated in the leveraged-buyout boom of the 1980s and did deals like Xeroxs acquisition of Crum Foster and was also the adviser by ATT. In 1985, the firmââ¬â¢s peak year, Salomon brought in $760 million in pre-tax profits. In 1987, the companyââ¬â¢s capital reached $3. 4 billion. Legislations which fuelled growth The following changes in legislation led to a conducive environment for bond trading and the development of the mortgage backed securities market which in turn impacted the fortunes of Salomon Brothers: * In 1979, the Federal Reserve announced that that the money supply would cease to fluctuate with the business cycle. Bond prices moved inversely with interest rates. Bonds became the means of ââ¬Å"creating wealth rather than merely storing it. â⬠The industryââ¬â¢s revenues rose from $16 billion in 1980 to $51. 8 billion in 1988. * In 1981, Congress passed a tax break which allowed thrifts to sell all their mortgage loans in order to put their money to work for higher returns. Subsequently, the volume of outstanding mortgage loans increased from $700 billion in 1976 to $1. 2 trillion in 1981, and the mortgage market surpassed the combined U. S. stock markets as the largest capital market in the world. The SECââ¬â¢s Rule 415, enacted in 1982, where corporations were allowed to register in advance all the securities they intended to issue over the next two-year span (ââ¬Å"shelf registrationsâ⬠) and Salomon Brothers was the industryââ¬â¢s leader. * The protection of the Glass-Steagall Act, which stopped commercial banks to underwrite and distribute most securities ended and the competition intensified. Overall, the beginning o f the 1980ââ¬â¢s decade led to an explosive growth in the bond markets and Salomon was ready to jump on the opportunity as it was one of the few Wall Street firms to have a proper mortgage trading department. Culture of the firm In order to understand the culture of the firm, we read the book Liarââ¬â¢s Poker written by Michael Lewis who was a bond salesman in Salomon Brothers and gives an inside account of the culture prevalent in the firm. Bond Traders and Salesmen: The two major classes of people at Salomon were the bond traders and salesmen. More than any other firm on the Wall Street, Salomon was run by bond traders who kept an eye on the market and made most of arbitrage opportunities while the salesmen gave information to the traders about the sentiments in market. The CEO of the company John Gutfreund also started off as a trader and spent his time at a large desk over seeing one end of Salomonââ¬â¢s bond trading room. The trading floorââ¬âthe 41st floor, which was known as ââ¬Å"Power Centralâ⬠ââ¬âwas actually the power centre of the firm. He promoted an environment of risk-taking and agility and the Salomon Trading floor had minimal supervision, minimal controls and no position limits. That is, a trader could buy or sell as many bonds as he thought appropriate without asking. With an increase in business, the firm recruited widely. The firm, which had employed 2,000 people in 1982, tripled to 6,000 people by 1987. â⬠Due to excessive focus on generating revenues, one insider put it as, ââ¬Å"competing fiefdoms replaced interconnected businesses. â⬠and ââ¬Å"Making money was mostly what mattered. â⬠Also, the mortgage department which made the maximum money had a culture of its own promoted by Ranieri (head of the department) which alienated it even more. According to Ranieri, ââ¬Å"The reason everything was separate was because no one in the firm would help us. They wanted us to fail. â⬠The Scandal This scandal was unique in itself as it shook the foundation of the sacrosanct $2. trillion government securities market which was considered too big to rig. The conventional wisdom was shaken to a great extent and regulations tightened for all the 40 primary designated dealers of T-bills and government bonds. Orchestration of the fraud: Paul Mozer, Managing Director of Salomon Inc. ââ¬â¢s government securities trading desk, submitted three separate bids for the U. S. Treasuryââ¬â¢s $9 billion 5-year treasury note auction on Feb. 21,1991. Each of the bids was for $3. 15 billion, or 35% of the total bond offering, the maximum bid the Treasury would recognize from any individual buyer. Since two of the bids were submitted under the names of outside firms who were Salomon customers, Warburg and Quantum, the Treasury accepted all three bids. The Treasury was unaware that only Mozerââ¬â¢s bid in Salomonââ¬â¢s name was legal. The other two were unauthorized customer bids placed by Mozer trying to get Salomon a larger share of the auction. However, what Mozer did not know was that Warburg had taken part in the auction with a $100mn bid and with combined bid of more than 35% in name of Warburg; Treasury started an investigation which uncovered the plot of Mozer. This scandal led to the firing of Mozer, resignation of the top brass including Gutfreund and a loss of reputation of Salomon Brothers which they never recovered. Aftermath: This scandal shook the confidence of participants in the government securities market and led to investigations by Federal Reserve Bank, the Justice Department and the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Treasury Department re-examined the records of every auction since 1986, a total of more than 200, searching for evidence of collusion with customers to violate the 35% rule. Salomon was fined $290 million as damages but it escaped criminal charges. The Treasury however, banned Salomon from bidding in Government Securities market. After the resignation of John Gutfreund, majority stakeholder Warren Buffet was made the chairman to revamp the organisation. He also convinced the Treasury to lift the ban as it would lead to Salomon towards bankruptcy. The firm became a victim of its own culture and finally the name of Salomon ceased to exist on the Wall Street which it had once dominated. Joining the dots Having done a course on Ethics, analysed case studies of Enron, WorldCom etc, made us realise that the frauds/scandals do not germinate over night; rather they are fruits of greed which is perpetrated by the Top management either directly or indirectly. As mentioned earlier, the culture of Salomon Brothers was such that traders were given a free hand as long as they generated revenues and were never questioned. This led to the audacity of Mozer wherein he submitted false bids not just the time when he was caught but in other auctions as well and had landed in trouble with the Treasury before. Had a proper system of reporting and accountability existed, the previous instances would have been known to top management and the entire scandal could have been averted which tarnished the reputation of the firm. At the same time, we believe, Treasury department should have been more vigilant as market participants i. e the 40 primary dealers could always collude and try to take the maximum out of the pie of the auction. Having a system which was transparent such that the bids could have been monitored by all the participants would have lead to detection of anomaly of bids in much short period of time without any extensive examination. The main learning that we can derive out of this study is twofold- * Promotion of Ethics and fair dealing as a part of corporate culture of the organisation following a top-down approach such that lower level employees get motivated from the conduct of senior levels * No matter who the participant is and the financial market in question, the regulator has to be vigilant at all times and have a stringent set of rules and regulations as well as penalties in place which deters market participants from erring. References: http://www. fundinguniverse. com/company-histories/Salomon-Inc-Company-History. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Salomon_Brothers#Long_Term_Capital_Management http://www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,973726-2,00. html http://www. answers. com/topic/salomon-brothers Robert Sobel, Salomon Brothers 1910-85: Advancing to Leadership Michael Lewis, Liarââ¬â¢s Poker Salomon Brothers: ââ¬Å"Apologies are Bullshitâ⬠- pdf
Wednesday, March 11, 2020
3 Steps to Finding Your Dream Job
3 Steps to Finding Your Dream Job We talk a lot about combing job posts, grooming your resume, and sharpening your interview skills. These are definitely important techniques, but they may not be worth all the stress if youââ¬â¢re not also taking a look at yourself and your future to decide what you really want to be when you grow up. Here are some tips on how to find not just a job for you, butà the job for you.1. Know YourselfWhat do you actually want? What do you like doing? What is your largest priority in finding a workplace? Is it the day-to-day responsibilities that need to feel most meaningful? The flexibility it allows you to have in your home life? These priorities can change over time, of course, but itââ¬â¢s important to take a really honest look at yourself before you get started.Ask yourself these questions:What would you be doing if money wasnââ¬â¢t an option?What industries would allow you to involve that skill or field in your day to day work?Do you like working closely and collaboratively with others?Do you prefer autonomy and independence?How interested are you in management opportunities?Do you like the set of skills youââ¬â¢ve currently amassed or do you need to pursue new, more exciting areas of learning?2. Model SuccessYou know how geese migrate with the seasons, flying in those characteristic V patterns? They do that to share the burden of flying right in the face of the wind.à It is okay to be the second goose in the V. Really.The real-life translation of this avian metaphor is simply, find someone whoââ¬â¢s doing what you want to do be doing. Learn from them. Ask about the challenges theyââ¬â¢ve faced and the lessons theyââ¬â¢ve learned as they overcame them. See if theyââ¬â¢re actually as happy in their current situation as you imagine they are from the outside.I have a mentor whoââ¬â¢s doing exactly the kind of work I thought I always wanted to be doing- but once I saw how much effort she put in and how little that work was valued by he r colleagues or her supervisors, I decided to change course, keep my eggs in multiple baskets, and make sure I had a fall-back plan in case all that effort started to feel like it wasnââ¬â¢t well spent on my chosen career path.3. Find 2-3 Companies that Amaze YouThis is what my mom did when she went back to work after staying home with my little brother. Sheââ¬â¢d had a few years of clerk and paralegal work when I was very young, then sheââ¬â¢d taken that time away. When it was time to make her way back into the workforce, she started by researching local companies with openings that shared values with the government agency where she really wanted to land. Picking out immediate places to apply based on long-term priorities helped her get started in a large corporate office and bring her computer and legal knowledge up to speed, making herà a shoo-in when she finally saw an opening at her ideal job.Now sheââ¬â¢s been there for nearly 20 years. The advice she always give s me, and I hate hearing, is to look for places where you want to work and get on their radar before theyââ¬â¢re searching for applicants. As soon as that job posting goes up, you could have hundreds of other resumes to compete with; get in there for an informational interview or on a word-of-mouth referral, and youââ¬â¢re going to stand out.The Secret To Discovering Your Dream JobRead More at Careerealism
Sunday, February 23, 2020
Hurricane Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Hurricane - Essay Example The federal government has placed several organizations that deal with the monitoring of surroundings to detect the possibility of a calamity happening. In light to this, the federal government has made some developments after Katrina. Organizations and disaster management bodies have been able to assist in the recovery and help rendering to the communities affected by the happening. Bodies like the federal emergency management agency (FEMA) is one of the spear heading body the federal government has deployed to the areas the hurricane hit to deliver assistance to the communities affected. Following hurricane Katrinaââ¬â¢s occurrence, efforts were made to reflect past the instant response to the disaster. Long- term community recovery planning (LTCR) section was instigated initially in the recovery of the debris and assistance to the affected party. This evolving function of the government is determined to give the community a speedy recovery and enhances the communityââ¬â¢s recovery on the lost property while looking into the future of sustainability of the community. The LTCR is a development the federal government put in place to assist the public and local governments in the recovery of the community housing and every economic stimulus infrastructure through engineers, architects, and other professionals of the disaster management. The LTCR made the plans for recovery in a swift succession where by the year 2006 the metropolitan plan of New Orleans was completed by spring. The function is doing the recovery in a fast pace alongside specific sustainability pr ojects. The implementations of the proposed plans have since been articulated. There were 17 recovery zones in the plan for the commercial development in New Orleans, which included the hard hit areas of the state. Recently, major developments have created the modern hurricane tracking technology that includes new computer technology models. The tropical waves that emanate from the west of Africa
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